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Effect of Maximum Repetition of Pelvic Floor Stabilization Exercise in Stress Urinary Incontinence

Received: 10 December 2021     Accepted: 24 December 2021     Published: 28 January 2022
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Abstract

Introduction: Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) in females is a common gynecological issue that impedes lifestyle. Exercise had a significant effect; however, studies did not determine the exercise frequency and intensity for pelvic floor stabilization in stress urinary incontinence. Aim: The aim of the study is to determine if maximum repetition of pelvic stabilization exercise impacts the management of stress urinary incontinence in females. Methodology: One arm quasi-experimental study design was used. 40 patients having SUI and associated musculoskeletal complaints were recruited from the outpatient unit of Physiotherapy department of the Centre for the Rehabilitation of the Paralysed (CRP), Bangladesh. The study was conducted over 4weeks. Outcome measurement was included pelvic floor and abdominal muscle strength, endurance, and incontinence measurement. Result: Pelvic floor muscle and abdominal strength, and endurance had a positive and significant result in maximum repetition (P.001). Pelvic floor strength has been significantly improvement in week 2 (P.001), and week 3 (P.01). Interference in activities (P.003), and ICIQ total (P.001) had improvement but majority of the improvement was noted in weeks 2-3. There was a significant improvement in the frequency of urine leakage in the first week (P.001), and week 3 (P.005) and week 4 (P.001). Conclusion: Pelvic floor exercise with increasing repetition is an effective approach to improve stress urinary incontinence in women. The study also found its significant impact on incontinence frequency, amount, and associated quality of life for women with stress urinary incontinence with pelvic floor exercise with maximum repetition.

Published in Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics (Volume 10, Issue 1)
DOI 10.11648/j.jgo.20221001.15
Page(s) 32-38
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Stress Urinary Incontinence, Physiotherapy, Exercise, Maximum Repetition

References
[1] Abrams P, Andersson KE, Apostolidis A, Birder L, Bliss D, et al. (2018) 6th International Consultation on Incontinence. Recommendations of the International Scientific Committee: evaluation and treatment of urinary incontinence, pelvic organ prolapses and fecal incontinence. Neurology and urodynamics 37: 2271-2272.
[2] Bo K, Frawley HC, Haylen BT, Abramov Y, Almeida FG (2017) An International Urogynecological Association (IUGA)/International Continence Society (ICS) joint report on the terminology for the conservative and nonpharmacological management of female pelvic floor dysfunction. International urogynecology journal 28: 191-213.
[3] Doughty DB (2003) Promoting continence: simple strategies with major impact. Ostomy/wound management 49: 46.
[4] Dumoulin C, Hay-Smith J, Habée-Séguin GM, Mercier J (2015). Pelvic floor muscle training versus no treatment, or inactive control treatments, for urinary incontinence in women: a short version Cochrane systematic review with meta-analysis. Neurology and urodynamics 34: 300-308.
[5] Price, Dawood R, Jackson SR (2010) Pelvic floor exercise for urinary incontinence: a systematic literature review. Maturitas 67: 309-315.
[6] Reed GM, Drescher J, Krueger RB, Atalla E, Cochran SD, et al. (2016) Disorders related to sexuality and gender identity in the ICD-11: revising the ICD-10 classification based on current scientific evidence, best clinical practices, and human rights considerations. World Psychiatry 15: 205-221.
[7] Stothers L, Friedman B (2011) Risk factors for the development of stress urinary incontinence in women. Current urology reports 12: 363.
[8] Agrò EF, Bianchi D (2018) Concomitant Functional Disorders in Genito-Urinary Prolapse. In Management of Pelvic Organ Prolapse. Springer: 31-40.
[9] Botros C, Dalalo N, Iyer S, Lozo S, Botros S, et al. (2017) Prevalence of urinary incontinence symptoms: Looking beyond stress& urgency urinary incontinence. International Urogynecology Journal 28: 163-164.
[10] Avery K, Donovan J, Peters TJ, Shaw C, Gotoh M, et al. (2004) ICIQ: a brief and robust measure for evaluating the symptoms and impact of urinary incontinence. Neurology and Urodynamics: Official Journal of the International Continence Society 23: 322-330.
[11] Hajebrahimi S, Nourizadeh D, Hamedani R, Pezeshki MZ (2012) Validity and reliability of the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Urinary Incontinence Short Form and its correlation with urodynamic findings. Urology journal 9: 685-690.
[12] Twiss CO, Fischer MC, Nitti VW (2007) Comparison between reduction in 24-hour pad weight, International Consultation on Incontinence-Short Form (ICIQ-SF) score, International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), and Post-Operative Patient Global Impression of Improvement (PGI-I) score in patient evaluation after male perineal sling. Neurology and Urodynamics: Official Journal of the International Continence Society 26: 8-13.
[13] Chevalier F, Fernandez-Lao C, Cuesta-Vargas A (2014) Normal reference values of strength in pelvic floor muscle of women: a descriptive and inferential study. BMC women's health 14: 1-9.
[14] Bø K, Hagen RH, Kvarstein B, Jørgensen J, Larsen S, et al. (1990) Pelvic floor muscle exercise for the treatment of female stress urinary incontinence: III. Effects of two different degrees of pelvic floor muscle exercises. Neurology and Urodynamics 9: 489-502.
[15] Burgio KL, Robinson JC, Engel BT (2019) The role of biofeedback in Kegel exercise training for stress urinary incontinence. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 154: 58-64.
[16] Ptak M, Ciećwież S, Brodowska, Starczewski A, Nawrocka-Rutkowska J, et al. (2019) The effect of pelvic floor muscles exercise on quality of life in women with stress urinary incontinence and its relationship with vaginal deliveries: a randomized trial. BioMed Research International: 2019.
[17] Oliveira M, Ferreira M, Azevedo MJ, Firmino-Machado J, Santos PC (2017) Pelvic floor muscle training protocol for stress urinary incontinence in women: A systematic review. Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira 63: 642-650.
[18] Kegel AH. (1956) Stress incontinence of urine in women; physiologic treatment. The Journal of the International College of Surgeons 25: 487.
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  • APA Style

    Iren Khatun, Mohammad Anwar Hossain, K. M. Amran Hossain, Nadia Afrin Urme. (2022). Effect of Maximum Repetition of Pelvic Floor Stabilization Exercise in Stress Urinary Incontinence. Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics, 10(1), 32-38. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jgo.20221001.15

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    ACS Style

    Iren Khatun; Mohammad Anwar Hossain; K. M. Amran Hossain; Nadia Afrin Urme. Effect of Maximum Repetition of Pelvic Floor Stabilization Exercise in Stress Urinary Incontinence. J. Gynecol. Obstet. 2022, 10(1), 32-38. doi: 10.11648/j.jgo.20221001.15

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    AMA Style

    Iren Khatun, Mohammad Anwar Hossain, K. M. Amran Hossain, Nadia Afrin Urme. Effect of Maximum Repetition of Pelvic Floor Stabilization Exercise in Stress Urinary Incontinence. J Gynecol Obstet. 2022;10(1):32-38. doi: 10.11648/j.jgo.20221001.15

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  • @article{10.11648/j.jgo.20221001.15,
      author = {Iren Khatun and Mohammad Anwar Hossain and K. M. Amran Hossain and Nadia Afrin Urme},
      title = {Effect of Maximum Repetition of Pelvic Floor Stabilization Exercise in Stress Urinary Incontinence},
      journal = {Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics},
      volume = {10},
      number = {1},
      pages = {32-38},
      doi = {10.11648/j.jgo.20221001.15},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jgo.20221001.15},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jgo.20221001.15},
      abstract = {Introduction: Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) in females is a common gynecological issue that impedes lifestyle. Exercise had a significant effect; however, studies did not determine the exercise frequency and intensity for pelvic floor stabilization in stress urinary incontinence. Aim: The aim of the study is to determine if maximum repetition of pelvic stabilization exercise impacts the management of stress urinary incontinence in females. Methodology: One arm quasi-experimental study design was used. 40 patients having SUI and associated musculoskeletal complaints were recruited from the outpatient unit of Physiotherapy department of the Centre for the Rehabilitation of the Paralysed (CRP), Bangladesh. The study was conducted over 4weeks. Outcome measurement was included pelvic floor and abdominal muscle strength, endurance, and incontinence measurement. Result: Pelvic floor muscle and abdominal strength, and endurance had a positive and significant result in maximum repetition (P.001). Pelvic floor strength has been significantly improvement in week 2 (P.001), and week 3 (P.01). Interference in activities (P.003), and ICIQ total (P.001) had improvement but majority of the improvement was noted in weeks 2-3. There was a significant improvement in the frequency of urine leakage in the first week (P.001), and week 3 (P.005) and week 4 (P.001). Conclusion: Pelvic floor exercise with increasing repetition is an effective approach to improve stress urinary incontinence in women. The study also found its significant impact on incontinence frequency, amount, and associated quality of life for women with stress urinary incontinence with pelvic floor exercise with maximum repetition.},
     year = {2022}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Effect of Maximum Repetition of Pelvic Floor Stabilization Exercise in Stress Urinary Incontinence
    AU  - Iren Khatun
    AU  - Mohammad Anwar Hossain
    AU  - K. M. Amran Hossain
    AU  - Nadia Afrin Urme
    Y1  - 2022/01/28
    PY  - 2022
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jgo.20221001.15
    DO  - 10.11648/j.jgo.20221001.15
    T2  - Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics
    JF  - Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics
    JO  - Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics
    SP  - 32
    EP  - 38
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2376-7820
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jgo.20221001.15
    AB  - Introduction: Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) in females is a common gynecological issue that impedes lifestyle. Exercise had a significant effect; however, studies did not determine the exercise frequency and intensity for pelvic floor stabilization in stress urinary incontinence. Aim: The aim of the study is to determine if maximum repetition of pelvic stabilization exercise impacts the management of stress urinary incontinence in females. Methodology: One arm quasi-experimental study design was used. 40 patients having SUI and associated musculoskeletal complaints were recruited from the outpatient unit of Physiotherapy department of the Centre for the Rehabilitation of the Paralysed (CRP), Bangladesh. The study was conducted over 4weeks. Outcome measurement was included pelvic floor and abdominal muscle strength, endurance, and incontinence measurement. Result: Pelvic floor muscle and abdominal strength, and endurance had a positive and significant result in maximum repetition (P.001). Pelvic floor strength has been significantly improvement in week 2 (P.001), and week 3 (P.01). Interference in activities (P.003), and ICIQ total (P.001) had improvement but majority of the improvement was noted in weeks 2-3. There was a significant improvement in the frequency of urine leakage in the first week (P.001), and week 3 (P.005) and week 4 (P.001). Conclusion: Pelvic floor exercise with increasing repetition is an effective approach to improve stress urinary incontinence in women. The study also found its significant impact on incontinence frequency, amount, and associated quality of life for women with stress urinary incontinence with pelvic floor exercise with maximum repetition.
    VL  - 10
    IS  - 1
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Department of Physiotherapy, Bangladesh Health Professions Institute (BHPI), Dhaka, Bangladesh

  • Department of Physiotherapy, Centre for the Rehabilitation of the Paralysed (CRP), Dhaka, Bangladesh

  • Department of Physiotherapy, Bangladesh Health Professions Institute (BHPI), Dhaka, Bangladesh

  • Department of Physiotherapy, Centre for the Rehabilitation of the Paralysed (CRP), Dhaka, Bangladesh

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